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The Neotoma Paleoecology Database, a multiproxy, international, community-curated data resource
- John W. Williams, Eric C. Grimm, Jessica L. Blois, Donald F. Charles, Edward B. Davis, Simon J. Goring, Russell W. Graham, Alison J. Smith, Michael Anderson, Joaquin Arroyo-Cabrales, Allan C. Ashworth, Julio L. Betancourt, Brian W. Bills, Robert K. Booth, Philip I. Buckland, B. Brandon Curry, Thomas Giesecke, Stephen T. Jackson, Claudio Latorre, Jonathan Nichols, Timshel Purdum, Robert E. Roth, Michael Stryker, Hikaru Takahara
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- Journal:
- Quaternary Research / Volume 89 / Issue 1 / January 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 17 January 2018, pp. 156-177
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The Neotoma Paleoecology Database is a community-curated data resource that supports interdisciplinary global change research by enabling broad-scale studies of taxon and community diversity, distributions, and dynamics during the large environmental changes of the past. By consolidating many kinds of data into a common repository, Neotoma lowers costs of paleodata management, makes paleoecological data openly available, and offers a high-quality, curated resource. Neotoma’s distributed scientific governance model is flexible and scalable, with many open pathways for participation by new members, data contributors, stewards, and research communities. The Neotoma data model supports, or can be extended to support, any kind of paleoecological or paleoenvironmental data from sedimentary archives. Data additions to Neotoma are growing and now include >3.8 million observations, >17,000 datasets, and >9200 sites. Dataset types currently include fossil pollen, vertebrates, diatoms, ostracodes, macroinvertebrates, plant macrofossils, insects, testate amoebae, geochronological data, and the recently added organic biomarkers, stable isotopes, and specimen-level data. Multiple avenues exist to obtain Neotoma data, including the Explorer map-based interface, an application programming interface, the neotoma R package, and digital object identifiers. As the volume and variety of scientific data grow, community-curated data resources such as Neotoma have become foundational infrastructure for big data science.
Weed Biomass Production Response to Plant Spacing and Corn (Zea mays) Hybrids Differing in Canopy Architecture
- Sultan H. Begna, Robert I. Hamilton, Lianne M. Dwyer, Doug W. Stewart, Daniel Cloutier, Louis Assemat, Kayhan Foroutan-Pour, Donald L. Smith
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- Journal:
- Weed Technology / Volume 15 / Issue 4 / December 2001
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 January 2017, pp. 647-653
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Field experiments were conducted in 1996, 1997, and 1998 at Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, and in 1996 at Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, to quantify the impact of corn hybrids, differing in canopy architecture and plant spacing (plant population density and row spacing), on biomass production by transplanted and naturally occurring weeds. The treatments consisted of a factorial combination of corn type (leafy reduced stature [LRS], late-maturing big leaf [LMBL], a conventional Pioneer 3979 [P3979], and, as a control, a corn-free condition [weed monoculture]), two weed levels (low density [transplanted weeds: common lambsquarters and redroot pigweed] and high density [weedy: plots with naturally occurring weeds]), two corn population densities (normal and high), and row spacings (38 and 76 cm). At all site-years under both weed levels, the decrease in biomass production by both transplanted and naturally occurring weeds was greater due to the narrow row spacing than due to the high plant population density. The combination of narrower rows and higher population densities increased corn canopy light interception by 3 to 5%. Biomass produced by both transplanted and naturally occurring weeds was five to eight times less under the corn canopy than in the weed monoculture treatment. Generally, weed biomass production was reduced more by early-maturing hybrids (LRS and P3979) than by LMBL. Thus, hybrid selection and plant spacing could be used as important components of integrated pest management (weed control) for sustainable agriculture.
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- By Mitchell Aboulafia, Frederick Adams, Marilyn McCord Adams, Robert M. Adams, Laird Addis, James W. Allard, David Allison, William P. Alston, Karl Ameriks, C. Anthony Anderson, David Leech Anderson, Lanier Anderson, Roger Ariew, David Armstrong, Denis G. Arnold, E. J. Ashworth, Margaret Atherton, Robin Attfield, Bruce Aune, Edward Wilson Averill, Jody Azzouni, Kent Bach, Andrew Bailey, Lynne Rudder Baker, Thomas R. Baldwin, Jon Barwise, George Bealer, William Bechtel, Lawrence C. Becker, Mark A. Bedau, Ernst Behler, José A. Benardete, Ermanno Bencivenga, Jan Berg, Michael Bergmann, Robert L. Bernasconi, Sven Bernecker, Bernard Berofsky, Rod Bertolet, Charles J. Beyer, Christian Beyer, Joseph Bien, Joseph Bien, Peg Birmingham, Ivan Boh, James Bohman, Daniel Bonevac, Laurence BonJour, William J. Bouwsma, Raymond D. Bradley, Myles Brand, Richard B. Brandt, Michael E. Bratman, Stephen E. Braude, Daniel Breazeale, Angela Breitenbach, Jason Bridges, David O. Brink, Gordon G. Brittan, Justin Broackes, Dan W. Brock, Aaron Bronfman, Jeffrey E. Brower, Bartosz Brozek, Anthony Brueckner, Jeffrey Bub, Lara Buchak, Otavio Bueno, Ann E. Bumpus, Robert W. Burch, John Burgess, Arthur W. Burks, Panayot Butchvarov, Robert E. Butts, Marina Bykova, Patrick Byrne, David Carr, Noël Carroll, Edward S. Casey, Victor Caston, Victor Caston, Albert Casullo, Robert L. Causey, Alan K. L. Chan, Ruth Chang, Deen K. Chatterjee, Andrew Chignell, Roderick M. Chisholm, Kelly J. Clark, E. J. Coffman, Robin Collins, Brian P. Copenhaver, John Corcoran, John Cottingham, Roger Crisp, Frederick J. Crosson, Antonio S. Cua, Phillip D. Cummins, Martin Curd, Adam Cureton, Andrew Cutrofello, Stephen Darwall, Paul Sheldon Davies, Wayne A. Davis, Timothy Joseph Day, Claudio de Almeida, Mario De Caro, Mario De Caro, John Deigh, C. F. Delaney, Daniel C. Dennett, Michael R. DePaul, Michael Detlefsen, Daniel Trent Devereux, Philip E. Devine, John M. Dillon, Martin C. Dillon, Robert DiSalle, Mary Domski, Alan Donagan, Paul Draper, Fred Dretske, Mircea Dumitru, Wilhelm Dupré, Gerald Dworkin, John Earman, Ellery Eells, Catherine Z. Elgin, Berent Enç, Ronald P. Endicott, Edward Erwin, John Etchemendy, C. Stephen Evans, Susan L. Feagin, Solomon Feferman, Richard Feldman, Arthur Fine, Maurice A. Finocchiaro, William FitzPatrick, Richard E. Flathman, Gvozden Flego, Richard Foley, Graeme Forbes, Rainer Forst, Malcolm R. Forster, Daniel Fouke, Patrick Francken, Samuel Freeman, Elizabeth Fricker, Miranda Fricker, Michael Friedman, Michael Fuerstein, Richard A. Fumerton, Alan Gabbey, Pieranna Garavaso, Daniel Garber, Jorge L. A. Garcia, Robert K. Garcia, Don Garrett, Philip Gasper, Gerald Gaus, Berys Gaut, Bernard Gert, Roger F. Gibson, Cody Gilmore, Carl Ginet, Alan H. Goldman, Alvin I. Goldman, Alfonso Gömez-Lobo, Lenn E. Goodman, Robert M. Gordon, Stefan Gosepath, Jorge J. E. Gracia, Daniel W. Graham, George A. Graham, Peter J. Graham, Richard E. Grandy, I. Grattan-Guinness, John Greco, Philip T. Grier, Nicholas Griffin, Nicholas Griffin, David A. Griffiths, Paul J. Griffiths, Stephen R. Grimm, Charles L. Griswold, Charles B. Guignon, Pete A. Y. Gunter, Dimitri Gutas, Gary Gutting, Paul Guyer, Kwame Gyekye, Oscar A. Haac, Raul Hakli, Raul Hakli, Michael Hallett, Edward C. Halper, Jean Hampton, R. James Hankinson, K. R. Hanley, Russell Hardin, Robert M. Harnish, William Harper, David Harrah, Kevin Hart, Ali Hasan, William Hasker, John Haugeland, Roger Hausheer, William Heald, Peter Heath, Richard Heck, John F. Heil, Vincent F. Hendricks, Stephen Hetherington, Francis Heylighen, Kathleen Marie Higgins, Risto Hilpinen, Harold T. Hodes, Joshua Hoffman, Alan Holland, Robert L. Holmes, Richard Holton, Brad W. Hooker, Terence E. Horgan, Tamara Horowitz, Paul Horwich, Vittorio Hösle, Paul Hoβfeld, Daniel Howard-Snyder, Frances Howard-Snyder, Anne Hudson, Deal W. Hudson, Carl A. Huffman, David L. Hull, Patricia Huntington, Thomas Hurka, Paul Hurley, Rosalind Hursthouse, Guillermo Hurtado, Ronald E. Hustwit, Sarah Hutton, Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa, Harry A. Ide, David Ingram, Philip J. Ivanhoe, Alfred L. Ivry, Frank Jackson, Dale Jacquette, Joseph Jedwab, Richard Jeffrey, David Alan Johnson, Edward Johnson, Mark D. Jordan, Richard Joyce, Hwa Yol Jung, Robert Hillary Kane, Tomis Kapitan, Jacquelyn Ann K. Kegley, James A. Keller, Ralph Kennedy, Sergei Khoruzhii, Jaegwon Kim, Yersu Kim, Nathan L. King, Patricia Kitcher, Peter D. Klein, E. D. Klemke, Virginia Klenk, George L. Kline, Christian Klotz, Simo Knuuttila, Joseph J. Kockelmans, Konstantin Kolenda, Sebastian Tomasz Kołodziejczyk, Isaac Kramnick, Richard Kraut, Fred Kroon, Manfred Kuehn, Steven T. Kuhn, Henry E. Kyburg, John Lachs, Jennifer Lackey, Stephen E. Lahey, Andrea Lavazza, Thomas H. Leahey, Joo Heung Lee, Keith Lehrer, Dorothy Leland, Noah M. Lemos, Ernest LePore, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Isaac Levi, Andrew Levine, Alan E. Lewis, Daniel E. Little, Shu-hsien Liu, Shu-hsien Liu, Alan K. L. Chan, Brian Loar, Lawrence B. Lombard, John Longeway, Dominic McIver Lopes, Michael J. Loux, E. J. Lowe, Steven Luper, Eugene C. Luschei, William G. Lycan, David Lyons, David Macarthur, Danielle Macbeth, Scott MacDonald, Jacob L. Mackey, Louis H. Mackey, Penelope Mackie, Edward H. Madden, Penelope Maddy, G. B. Madison, Bernd Magnus, Pekka Mäkelä, Rudolf A. Makkreel, David Manley, William E. Mann (W.E.M.), Vladimir Marchenkov, Peter Markie, Jean-Pierre Marquis, Ausonio Marras, Mike W. Martin, A. P. Martinich, William L. McBride, David McCabe, Storrs McCall, Hugh J. McCann, Robert N. McCauley, John J. McDermott, Sarah McGrath, Ralph McInerny, Daniel J. McKaughan, Thomas McKay, Michael McKinsey, Brian P. McLaughlin, Ernan McMullin, Anthonie Meijers, Jack W. Meiland, William Jason Melanson, Alfred R. Mele, Joseph R. Mendola, Christopher Menzel, Michael J. Meyer, Christian B. Miller, David W. Miller, Peter Millican, Robert N. Minor, Phillip Mitsis, James A. Montmarquet, Michael S. Moore, Tim Moore, Benjamin Morison, Donald R. Morrison, Stephen J. Morse, Paul K. Moser, Alexander P. D. Mourelatos, Ian Mueller, James Bernard Murphy, Mark C. Murphy, Steven Nadler, Jan Narveson, Alan Nelson, Jerome Neu, Samuel Newlands, Kai Nielsen, Ilkka Niiniluoto, Carlos G. Noreña, Calvin G. Normore, David Fate Norton, Nikolaj Nottelmann, Donald Nute, David S. Oderberg, Steve Odin, Michael O’Rourke, Willard G. Oxtoby, Heinz Paetzold, George S. Pappas, Anthony J. Parel, Lydia Patton, R. P. Peerenboom, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, Adriaan T. Peperzak, Derk Pereboom, Jaroslav Peregrin, Glen Pettigrove, Philip Pettit, Edmund L. Pincoffs, Andrew Pinsent, Robert B. Pippin, Alvin Plantinga, Louis P. Pojman, Richard H. Popkin, John F. Post, Carl J. Posy, William J. Prior, Richard Purtill, Michael Quante, Philip L. Quinn, Philip L. Quinn, Elizabeth S. Radcliffe, Diana Raffman, Gerard Raulet, Stephen L. Read, Andrews Reath, Andrew Reisner, Nicholas Rescher, Henry S. Richardson, Robert C. Richardson, Thomas Ricketts, Wayne D. Riggs, Mark Roberts, Robert C. Roberts, Luke Robinson, Alexander Rosenberg, Gary Rosenkranz, Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal, Adina L. Roskies, William L. Rowe, T. M. Rudavsky, Michael Ruse, Bruce Russell, Lilly-Marlene Russow, Dan Ryder, R. M. Sainsbury, Joseph Salerno, Nathan Salmon, Wesley C. Salmon, Constantine Sandis, David H. Sanford, Marco Santambrogio, David Sapire, Ruth A. Saunders, Geoffrey Sayre-McCord, Charles Sayward, James P. Scanlan, Richard Schacht, Tamar Schapiro, Frederick F. Schmitt, Jerome B. Schneewind, Calvin O. Schrag, Alan D. Schrift, George F. Schumm, Jean-Loup Seban, David N. Sedley, Kenneth Seeskin, Krister Segerberg, Charlene Haddock Seigfried, Dennis M. Senchuk, James F. Sennett, William Lad Sessions, Stewart Shapiro, Tommie Shelby, Donald W. Sherburne, Christopher Shields, Roger A. Shiner, Sydney Shoemaker, Robert K. Shope, Kwong-loi Shun, Wilfried Sieg, A. John Simmons, Robert L. Simon, Marcus G. Singer, Georgette Sinkler, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Matti T. Sintonen, Lawrence Sklar, Brian Skyrms, Robert C. Sleigh, Michael Anthony Slote, Hans Sluga, Barry Smith, Michael Smith, Robin Smith, Robert Sokolowski, Robert C. Solomon, Marta Soniewicka, Philip Soper, Ernest Sosa, Nicholas Southwood, Paul Vincent Spade, T. L. S. Sprigge, Eric O. Springsted, George J. Stack, Rebecca Stangl, Jason Stanley, Florian Steinberger, Sören Stenlund, Christopher Stephens, James P. Sterba, Josef Stern, Matthias Steup, M. A. Stewart, Leopold Stubenberg, Edith Dudley Sulla, Frederick Suppe, Jere Paul Surber, David George Sussman, Sigrún Svavarsdóttir, Zeno G. Swijtink, Richard Swinburne, Charles C. Taliaferro, Robert B. Talisse, John Tasioulas, Paul Teller, Larry S. Temkin, Mark Textor, H. S. Thayer, Peter Thielke, Alan Thomas, Amie L. Thomasson, Katherine Thomson-Jones, Joshua C. Thurow, Vzalerie Tiberius, Terrence N. Tice, Paul Tidman, Mark C. Timmons, William Tolhurst, James E. Tomberlin, Rosemarie Tong, Lawrence Torcello, Kelly Trogdon, J. D. Trout, Robert E. Tully, Raimo Tuomela, John Turri, Martin M. Tweedale, Thomas Uebel, Jennifer Uleman, James Van Cleve, Harry van der Linden, Peter van Inwagen, Bryan W. Van Norden, René van Woudenberg, Donald Phillip Verene, Samantha Vice, Thomas Vinci, Donald Wayne Viney, Barbara Von Eckardt, Peter B. M. Vranas, Steven J. Wagner, William J. Wainwright, Paul E. Walker, Robert E. Wall, Craig Walton, Douglas Walton, Eric Watkins, Richard A. Watson, Michael V. Wedin, Rudolph H. Weingartner, Paul Weirich, Paul J. Weithman, Carl Wellman, Howard Wettstein, Samuel C. Wheeler, Stephen A. White, Jennifer Whiting, Edward R. Wierenga, Michael Williams, Fred Wilson, W. Kent Wilson, Kenneth P. Winkler, John F. Wippel, Jan Woleński, Allan B. Wolter, Nicholas P. Wolterstorff, Rega Wood, W. Jay Wood, Paul Woodruff, Alison Wylie, Gideon Yaffe, Takashi Yagisawa, Yutaka Yamamoto, Keith E. Yandell, Xiaomei Yang, Dean Zimmerman, Günter Zoller, Catherine Zuckert, Michael Zuckert, Jack A. Zupko (J.A.Z.)
- Edited by Robert Audi, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
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- Book:
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
- Published online:
- 05 August 2015
- Print publication:
- 27 April 2015, pp ix-xxx
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- By Denis Barabé, Craig F. Barrett, Josef Bogner, Mark W. Chase, James I. Cohen, Natalie Cusimano, Jerrold I. Davis, Melvin R. Duvall, Carol A. Furness, Thomas J. Givnish, Rafaël Govaerts, Sean W. Graham, William J. D. Iles, F. Andrew Jones, Jim Leebens-Mack, Donald H. Les, Simon J. Mayo, Joel R. McNeal, Renato Mello-Silva, Jin Murata, C. David, L. Orme, Gitte Petersen, J. Chris Pires, Margarita V. Remizowa, Paula J. Rudall, Maria das Graças Sajo, Vincent Savolainen, Robert W. Scotland, Ole Seberg, Selena Y. Smith, Benjamin Sobkowiak, Dmitry D. Sokoloff, Dennis W. Stevenson, Norio Tanaka, Nicholas P. Tippery, Koichi Uehara, Paul Wilkin
- Edited by Paul Wilkin, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Simon J. Mayo, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
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- Early Events in Monocot Evolution
- Published online:
- 05 June 2013
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- 30 May 2013, pp -
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- By C. Alan Anderson, Celso Arango, David B. Arciniegas, Igor Bombin, Robert W. Buchanan, C. Robert Cloninger, Joshua Cosman, C. Munro Cullum, Felipe DeBrigard, Steven L. Dubovsky, Robert Feinstein, Lynne Fenton, Christopher M. Filley, Laura A. Flashman, Morris Freedman, Oliver Freudenreich, Kimberly L. Frey, Lauren C. Frey, Kelly S. Giovanello, Deborah A. Hall, John Hart, Kenneth M. Heilman, Katherine L. Howard, Robin A. Hurley, Daniel I. Kaufer, Sita Kedia, James P. Kelly, B. K. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, Benzi M. Kluger, David G. Lichter, Deborah M. Little, Deborah M. Lucas, Thomas W. McAllister, Mario F. Mendez, Doron Merims, Steven G. Ojemann, Fred Ovsiew, Brian D. Power, Bruce H. Price, Gila Z. Reckess, Martin L. Reite, Matthew Rizzo, Donald C. Rojas, Michael Henry Rosenbloom, Elliott D. Ross, Jeremy D. Schmahmann, Stuart A. Schneck, Jonathan M. Silver, Mark C. Spitz, Sergio E. Starkstein, Katherine H. Taber, Robert L. Trestman, Hal S. Wortzel
- Edited by David B. Arciniegas, C. Alan Anderson, Christopher M. Filley
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- Book:
- Behavioral Neurology & Neuropsychiatry
- Published online:
- 05 February 2013
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- 24 January 2013, pp vii-x
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A PHENOLOGY MODEL AND FIELD EVALUATION OF BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (BALS.) VUILLEMIN (DEUTEROMYCOTINA: HYPHOMYCETES) MYCOSIS OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (HBN.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
- Ziding Feng, Raymond I. Carruthers, Timothy S. Larkin, Donald W. Roberts
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- The Canadian Entomologist / Volume 120 / Issue 2 / February 1988
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 31 May 2012, pp. 133-144
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A simulation model was developed to predict the timing of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), larval mortality following exposure to Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin conidia. Model response was compared with laboratory and field data collected specifically for model validation. In laboratory validation experiments, four conidial doses of a B. bassiana isolate collected from the People’s Republic of China were applied to European corn borer larvae which were then incubated at fluctuating temperatures. Simulation results compared favorably with fungal development and mycosis under laboratory conditions. Field validation experiments showed that applications of B. bassiana to European corn borer neonates in whorl-stage corn resulted in mortality levels over 60% when conidia and European corn borers were placed on the plants on the same day. When B. bassiana conidia were placed on plants prior to European corn borers, mortality decreased linearly with time. Model predictions of the timing of European corn borer mortality were found to be accurate when B. bassiana conidia were placed on corn plants at the same time or prior to European corn borers. When European corn borers were placed on plants prior to conidia, the model underestimated the time to European corn borer death. Lack of model fit in this situation is thought to be due to delayed host and pathogen interactions on the corn plant rather than poor prediction of the physiological development of the disease.
Differences in arachidonic acid levels and fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene variants in African Americans and European Americans with diabetes or the metabolic syndrome
- Susan Sergeant, Christina E. Hugenschmidt, Megan E. Rudock, Julie T. Ziegler, Priscilla Ivester, Hannah C. Ainsworth, Dhananjay Vaidya, L. Douglas Case, Carl D. Langefeld, Barry I. Freedman, Donald W. Bowden, Rasika A. Mathias, Floyd H. Chilton
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- Journal:
- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 107 / Issue 4 / 28 February 2012
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- 04 July 2011, pp. 547-555
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- 28 February 2012
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Over the past 50 years, increases in dietary n-6 PUFA, such as linoleic acid, have been hypothesised to cause or exacerbate chronic inflammatory diseases. The present study examines an individual's innate capacity to synthesise n-6 long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) with respect to the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) locus in Americans of African and European descent with diabetes or the metabolic syndrome. Compared with European Americans (EAm), African Americans (AfAm) exhibited markedly higher serum levels of arachidonic acid (AA) (EAm 7·9 (sd 2·1), AfAm 9·8 (sd 1·9) % of total fatty acids; P < 2·29 × 10− 9) and the AA:n-6-precursor fatty acid ratio, which estimates FADS1 activity (EAm 5·4 (sd 2·2), AfAm 6·9 (sd 2·2); P = 1·44 × 10− 5). In all, seven SNP mapping to the FADS locus revealed strong association with AA, EPA and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) in the EAm. Importantly, EAm homozygous for the minor allele (T) had significantly lower AA levels (TT 6·3 (sd 1·0); GG 8·5 (sd 2·1); P = 3·0 × 10− 5) and AA:DGLA ratios (TT 3·4 (sd 0·8), GG 6·5 (sd 2·3); P = 2·2 × 10− 7) but higher DGLA levels (TT 1·9 (sd 0·4), GG 1·4 (sd 0·4); P = 3·3 × 10− 7) compared with those homozygous for the major allele (GG). Allele frequency patterns suggest that the GG genotype at rs174537 (associated with higher circulating levels of AA) is much higher in AfAm (0·81) compared with EAm (0·46). Similarly, marked differences in rs174537 genotypic frequencies were observed in HapMap populations. These data suggest that there are probably important differences in the capacity of different populations to synthesise LC-PUFA. These differences may provide a genetic mechanism contributing to health disparities between populations of African and European descent.
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- By Avishek Adhikari, Susanne E. Ahmari, Anne Marie Albano, Carlos Blanco, Desiree K. Caban, Jonathan S. Comer, Jeremy D. Coplan, Ana Alicia De La Cruz, Emily R. Doherty, Bruce Dohrenwend, Amit Etkin, Brian A. Fallon, Michael B. First, Abby J. Fyer, Angela Ghesquiere, Jay A. Gingrich, Robert A. Glick, Joshua A. Gordon, Ethan E. Gorenstein, Marco A. Grados, James P. Hambrick, James Hanks, Kelli Jane K. Harding, Richard G. Heimberg, Rene Hen, Devon E. Hinton, Myron A. Hofer, Matthew J. Kaplowitz, Sharaf S. Khan, Donald F. Klein, Karestan C. Koenen, E. David Leonardo, Roberto Lewis-Fernández, Jeffrey A. Lieberman, Michael R. Liebowitz, Sarah H. Lisanby, Antonio Mantovani, John C. Markowitz, Patrick J. McGrath, Caitlin McOmish, Jeffrey M. Miller, Jan Mohlman, Elizabeth Sagurton Mulhare, Philip R. Muskin, Navin Arun Natarajan, Yuval Neria, Nicole R. Nugent, Mayumi Okuda, Mark Olfson, Laszlo A. Papp, Sapana R. Patel, Anthony Pinto, Kristin Pontoski, Jesse W. Richardson-Jones, Carolyn I. Rodriguez, Steven P. Roose, Moira A. Rynn, Franklin Schneier, M. Katherine Shear, Ranjeeb Shrestha, Helen Blair Simpson, Smit S. Sinha, Natalia Skritskaya, Jami Socha, Eun Jung Suh, Gregory M. Sullivan, Anthony J. Tranguch, Hilary B. Vidair, Tor D. Wager, Myrna M Weissman, Noelia V. Weisstaub
- Edited by Helen Blair Simpson, Columbia University, New York, Yuval Neria, Columbia University, New York, Roberto Lewis-Fernández, Columbia University, New York, Franklin Schneier, Columbia University, New York
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- Anxiety Disorders
- Published online:
- 10 November 2010
- Print publication:
- 26 August 2010, pp vii-xii
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- By Nicholas B. Allen, Stephanie Assuras, Robert M. Bilder, Joan C. Borod, John L. Bradshaw, Warrick J. Brewer, Ariel Brown, Nik Brown, Tyrone Cannon, Audrey Carstensen, Cameron S. Carter, Luke Clark, Phyllis Chua, Thilo Deckersbach, Richard A. Depue, Tali Ditman, Aleksey Dumer, David E. Fleck, Lara Foland-Ross, Judith M. Ford, Nelson Freimer, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Nathan A. Gates, Terry E. Goldberg, George Graham, Igor Grant, Melissa J. Green, Michelle M. Halfacre, Wendy Heller, John D. Herrington, Garry D. Honey, Jennifer E. Iudicello, Henry J. Jackson, J. David Jentsch, Donald Kalar, Paul Keedwell, Ester Klimkeit, Nancy S. Koven, Donna A. Kreher, Gina R. Kuperberg, Edythe London, Dan I. Lubman, Daniel H. Mathalon, Patrick D. McGorry, Philip McGuire, George R. Mangun, Gregory A. Miller, Albert Newen, Jack B. Nitschke, Jaak Panksepp, Christos Pantelis, Mary Philips, Russell A. Poldrack, Scott L. Rauch, Susan M. Ravizza, Steven Paul Reise, Nicole Rinehart, Angela Rizk-Jackson, Trevor W. Robbins, Tamara A. Russell, Fred W. Sabb, Cary R. Savage, Kimberley R. Savage, J. Cobb Scott, Marc L. Seal, Larry J. Seidman, Paula K. Shear, Marisa M. Silveri, Nadia Solowij, Laura Southgate, G. Lynn Stephens, D. Stott Parker, Stephen M. Strakowski, Simon A. Surguladze, Kate Tchanturia, René Testa, Janet Treasure, Eve M. Valera, Kai Vogeley, Anthony P. Weiss, Sarah Whittle, Stephen J. Wood, Steven Paul Woods, Murat Yücel, Deborah A. Yurgelun-Todd
- Edited by Stephen J. Wood, University of Melbourne, Nicholas B. Allen, University of Melbourne, Christos Pantelis, University of Melbourne
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- Book:
- The Neuropsychology of Mental Illness
- Published online:
- 10 May 2010
- Print publication:
- 01 October 2009, pp xv-xx
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- By Farook Al-Azzawi, Wita Angrianni, Sanjay Asthana, Stephan Bandelow, Kathryn J. Bryan, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Jenna C. Carroll, Gemma Casadesus, Monique M. Cherrier, Laura H. Coker, María M. Corrada, Vita Priantina Dewi, Roberta Diaz Brinton, Mark A. Espeland, Mirjam I. Geerlings, Robert B. Gibbs, Carey E. Gleason, Victor W. Henderson, Patricia E. Hogan, Eef Hogervorst, Claudia H. Kawas, Anna Khaylis, Philip Kreager, Linda Kushandy, Donald Lehmann, Jin Li, Mary E. McAsey, Pauline M. Maki, Ralph N. Martins, Scott D. Moffat, Majon Muller, Theresia Ninuk, Annlia Paganini-Hill, George Perry, Christian J. Pike, Bevin N. Powers, Tri Budi W. Rahardjo, Natalie L. Rasgon, Susan M. Resnick, Emily R. Rosario, Sabarinah, Tony Sadjimim, Barbara B. Sherwin, Sally A. Shumaker, Mark A. Smith, Robert G. Struble, Chris Talbot, Wulf H. Utian, Giuseppe Verdile, Robert B. Wallace, Whitney Wharton, Katherine E. Williams, Oliver T. Wolf, Tonita E. Wroolie, Amina Yesufu, Yudarini, Liqin Zhao
- Edited by Eef Hogervorst, Loughborough University, Victor W. Henderson, Stanford University, California, Robert B. Gibbs, University of Pittsburgh, Roberta Diaz Brinton, University of Southern California
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- Book:
- Hormones, Cognition and Dementia
- Published online:
- 06 July 2010
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- 24 September 2009, pp vii-x
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The Relative Merits of Oxides of Hafnium, Cerium and Thorium as Surrogates for Plutonium Oxide in Calcium Phosphate Ceramics
- B. L. Metcalfe, S. K. Fong, L. A. Gerrard, I. W. Donald, E. S. Welch, M. C. Stennett, N. C. Hyatt
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1193 / 2009
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 February 2011, 79
- Print publication:
- 2009
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The choice of surrogate for plutonium oxide for use during the initial stages of research into the immobilization of intermediate level pyrochemical wastes containing plutonium andamericium oxides in a calcium phosphate host has been investigated by powder X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Two non-radioactive surrogates, hafnium oxide and cerium oxide, together with radioactive thorium oxide were compared. Similarities in behaviour were observed for all three surrogates when calcined at the lowest temperature, 750°C but differences became more pronounced as the calcination temperature was increased to 950°C. Although some reaction occurred between all the surrogates and the host to form a substituted whitlockite phase, increasing the temperature led to a significant increase in the cerium reaction and the formation of an additional phase, monazite. Additionally it was observed that the cerium became increasingly trivalent at higher temperatures.
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- By Claude Alain, Amy F. T. Arnsten, Lars Bäckman, Malcolm A. Binns, Sandra E. Black, S. Thomas Carmichael, Keith D. Cicerone, Maurizio Corbetta, Bruce Crosson, Jeffrey L. Cummings, Deirdre R. Dawson, Michael deRiesthal, Roger A. Dixon, Laura Eggermont, Kirk I. Erickson, Anthony Feinstein, Susan M. Fitzpatrick, Fu Qiang Gao, Douglas D. Garrett, Omar Ghaffar, Robbin Gibb, Elizabeth L. Glisky, Martha L. Glisky, Leslie J. Gonzalez Rothi, Cheryl L. Grady, Carol Greenwood, Gerri Hanten, Richard G. Hunter, Masud Husain, Narinder Kapur, Bryan Kolb, Arthur F. Kramer, Susan A. Leon, Harvey S. Levin, Brian Levine, Nadina Lincoln, Thomas W. McAllister, Edward McAuley, Bruce S. McEwen, David M. Morris, Stephen E. Nadeau, Roshan das Nair, Matthew Parrott, Jennie Ponsford, George P. Prigatano, Joel Ramirez, John M. Ringman, Ian H. Robertson, Amy D. Rodriguez, John C. Rosenbek, Bernhard Ross, Erik Scherder, Victoria Singh-Curry, Trudi Stickland, Donald T. Stuss, Edward Taub, Gary R. Turner, Harry V. Vinters, Samuel Weiss, John Whyte, Barbara A. Wilson, Gordon Winocur, J. Martin Wojtowicz
- Edited by Donald T. Stuss, University of Toronto, Gordon Winocur, University of Toronto, Ian H. Robertson, Trinity College, Dublin
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- Book:
- Cognitive Neurorehabilitation
- Published online:
- 05 September 2015
- Print publication:
- 11 September 2008, pp ix-xiv
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The immobilization of chloride-containing actinide waste in a calcium phosphate ceramic host: ageing studies
- B. L. Metcalfe, I. W. Donald, R. D. Scheele, D. M. Strachan
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 824 / 2004
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 17 March 2011, CC4.8
- Print publication:
- 2004
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Immobilization of radioactive wastes arising from the pyrochemical reprocessing of Pu metal with calcium phosphate as the host material has been investigated. Initial studies in which non-active elements are substituted for the actinide elements present in the wastes demonstrated that effective immobilization of both the cations and chloride ions was achieved within the chlorapatite Ca5(PO4)3Cl, and spodiosite, Ca2(PO4)Cl, mineral phases produced during the solid state reaction between host and waste. Follow-up studies with radioactive simulated waste composed of CaCl2, PuCl3 and AmCl3have confirmed the viability of the process and the durability of the product in aqueous solution. More recently a study of the long-term radiological stability and chemical durability of the ceramic product has commenced in which accelerated ageing of the ceramic phases is being achieved through the replacement of the 239Pu (half life 24,360y) that is contained in the actual waste by the short lived isotope 238Pu (half life 86.4y). The preparation of non-active and active samples and the crystal phases formed in each system as determined with XRD are herein reported. Data are presented which show that there is no detectable change in the XRD pattern of the samples containing 238Pu after 532 days of ageing, corresponding to around 400 years of real time ageing employing 239Pu. The detailed effects of ageing on the crystal structure and on the chemical durability of samples in aqueous solution are reported.
A Glass-Encapsulated Ceramic Wasteform for the Immobilization of Chloride-Containing ILW: formation of Halite Crystals by Reaction Between the Glass Encapsulant and Ceramic Host
- I. W. Donald, B. L. Metcalfe, R. S. Greedharee
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 713 / 2002
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 March 2011, JJ2.1
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- 2002
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We have developed a calcium phosphate ceramic based on the mineral phases chlorapatite, Ca5(PO4)3Cl, and spodiosite, Ca2(PO4)Cl, which, on the basis of evidence from non-active simulant studies, is expected to provide an extremely effective host for immobilizing the chloride constituents resulting from the pyrochemical reprocessing of Pu. The immobilized product is in the form of a free-flowing, non-hygroscopic powder in which the chlorides are chemically combined within the mineral phases. In order to provide a monolithic wasteform suitable for long term storage, the feasibility of encapsulating this product in a compatible glass is being assessed. The final wasteform will be manufactured by a pressureless sintering route with sodium aluminophosphate based glasses currently being developed for this purpose. These glasses are of particular interest due to a combination of useful properties which include good sintering characteristics, together with excellent chemical durability. We have noted, however, that during sintering the Na present in the glass reacts with the chlorapatite and spodiosite phases to form a dispersion of halite crystals within the final wasteform. The formation of free halite within the wasteform is clearly undesirable, but can be minimized by careful control over the processing parameters, in particular the sintering temperature, or by reducing the chloride loading in the wasteform. The implications of these findings are highlighted and discussed.
Fundamental Aspects of Friction and Wear Contacts in <100> Surfaces
- William W. Gerberich, Natalia I. Tymiak, Donald E. Kramer
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 649 / 2000
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 17 March 2011, Q9.1
- Print publication:
- 2000
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Unexpected friction and wear transitions occur in transition metals associated with dislocation emission, dislocation storage, and oxide break-through phenomena. Both normal nanoindentation and nanoscratch evaluations of conical diamond tips driven into tungsten {100} single crystal surfaces have been conducted. In terms of initiating plasticity undert the contact, this represents a high Peierl's barrier for dislocation motion in transition metals. Both quasi-equilibrium and kinetic aspects are reported along with current but speculative ideas on multiple friction and wear transitions. Preliminary results show that yielding under contacts can produce a 250 nm displacement excursion. Ramifications are seen in terms of friction coefficients which can double during the near-instantaneous yield excursion but then continue to triple from about 0.05 to 0.15 in the pile-up phase in front of the sliding contact. Implications of how nanotribological issues such as adhesion connect through this mesoscale activity to macroscopic friction and wear are discussed.